Internal-combustion motor



March 13, 1928.

A; S. BALDWIN ET AL INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 9. 1926 and wzzzfiu fly MAT,

T ORNE Y,

Mare 13, 1928. I 1,662,597

A. s. BALDWIN .ET AL INTERNAL COMBUSTIOX MOTOR Filed Dec. 9. 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 NVENTO S,

ATTORNEY March 13, 1928. $652,597

. A. S. BALDWIN ET AL INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR Filed Dec. 9. 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet INVENTORS. Calm/J. W W (5. KW,

( cmar, am y ATTORNEY March 13, 1928. I 1,662,597

A. s. BALDWIN ET AL INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR Filed Dec. 9, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet I WWW {]I]I]1Hn1nu IIII I VENTORS y W (5. W.

ATTORNEY Patented Mar. 13, 1928.

UNITED STATES I 1,662,597 PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR BALDWIN, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, AND EVERETT E. RICHMOND, OI

HUNTINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION MOTOR.

Application filed December This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion motors and has part1cu-' lar' reference to that type of motor wherein an oscillating valve member is employed to coact with intake and exhaust ports.

One object of the invention is to provide an improved construction whereby the gas charge will be preheated before entering the cylinder-for compression and ignition.

' Another object of the invention is to provide a novel annular heated, passage for the intake gases, and to provide that annular passage with .an annular series of intake ports whereby to admitthe charge at a segies of points all the way around the cylln- A further object is to provide an annular series of closely-arranged intake ports and an annular valve device coactingwith the same whereby only a slight movement of .the valve will be required to efiect an opening or closing of the ports all the way around" the cylinder. p A still further object is to provide an annular series of exhaust ports all the way around. the cylinder so thata complete and quick exhaust may be efiected also by a sli ht movement of the valve.

other object is to provide a novel stag gered arrangement of intake and exhaust ports all the way around the cylinder, and

An additional object is to provide an annular exhaust passage and means for utilizcam.

ing the exhaust gases to augment the power degived from the exploded gases in the cyl- 1n ers.

The invention is illustrated inthe accompanying drawings, wherein,-

Fig. 1 shows a vertical cross-sectional detail through the motor,-the section being taken on the line 1 -1 of Fi 2.

of the motor,

BlBVQtlOHJ.

Fig. 3 shows a top view of the oscillating valve-member with its ports.

Fig. 4 illustrates a top view of the station-.--

ary valve-member and 1ts ports.

Fig. 5 shows in a diagrammatic way the,

means for oscillating the valve member.

Fig. 6 lllustratesa diagram of the valve Fig.7 shows a sectional detail through the exhaust-gasturbine. 4;

Fig. illustrates a horizontal, section plan 9, 1920. Serial No. 153,500.,

through the turbine. as viewed on the line 88 of Fig. 7

Fig. 9 shows diagrammatically a modified form of valve-oscillating means, and Fig. 10 illustrates an end elevation of the same. I y

1 Referring to the drawings and particularly Figs. 1 and 2 thereof, the numeral 12 designatesthe crankcase of the motor and 13, the block in which the cylinders 14 are arranged to extend vertically above the-case.

The blocks have the .usual water jackets 15, and intake passages 16, for the intake of the jacket passages 18, as well as intake passages -19 and exhaust passages 20. The intake and mixture that is to be compressed in the cylinexhaust passages 19 'ancl20 are arranged an- 1 nularly in the head and over the upper ends 7 of the valve cylinders 14.

Over each valve cylinder the head has a conical cavity or chamber in which there is a conical liner or shell21, and this conical shell extends around the inner sides of both the annular intake passage'19 and annular exhaust passage 20.

The conical liner or shell 21 has a circular opening 22 in its truncated upper end or top and has an annular horizontal flange 23, around said top opening.

The inclined wall'of the liner orshell. 21, -.has two circular series of ports 24 and 25 therein as clearl shownin Fig.4 of the drawings, and t ese' two sets of parts arestaggered with respect to each other.

The set ofports 24 being arranged in the inclined .topof the liner below the set of ports25, so that said orts 24 will register twith the annular inta e passage 19'while the ports 25, will register with the annular exhaust passage 20.

The liner 21 is stationary and its under inclined face is formed so as to serve as avalve seat as will presently more fully appear.

y ing, it will be seen that the head 17', has a circular top recess 26 and an opening 27 .at

the bottom of that recess which opening registers with the'opening 22 inthe top 0 the conical liner. p I

The valve cylinders 14 have the form of reference to Figs. 1 and 2- of the draw-' sleeves and extend up through the block, and the upper end 28 of each cylinder sleeve is conical and projects into the conical liner or shell 21 and has a valve seating contact with the under side of said liner or shell.

From the upper conical end 28 of the cylindrical sleeve there projects a tubular stem 29. which latter extends through the opening 22 of the liner and also through the opening 27 in the recess 26 of the head, as clearly shown in Fig. 1 of the drawing.

The extreme upper end of the tubular stem 29, has an annular enlargement 30 above the top of thehead and a-ball-bearing ring 31 encircles the stem directly beneath said enlargement so that a coiled spring 32, may surround the stem and be compressed between the bearing ring 31 and the base of the head recess 26.

The spring 32, because of its tendency to expand draws the stem 29 and cylindrical sleeve 14 upwardly and thereby keeps the conical end 28 of the sleeve in valve seating contact with the conical liner 21.

A central screw-threaded port in the bottom of the tubular stem 29. is provided for the insertion of a spark plug which is not shown.

The conical end 28 of the cylindircal sleeve, as shown in Figs. 12 and 3 of the drawings is provided with two series of ports 33 and 34 respectively,the ports 33 being arranged about the base of the cone end in the same horizontal plane as the intake ports 24 in the liner 21, while the ports 34 are arranged in a horizontal plane with the exhaust ports 25 in said liner.

These two sets of ports 3334 in the sleeve are arranged on the same radial lines in that they are not staggered with respect to each other as are the ports 2425 in the liner.

The lower ends of the cylindrical sleeves 14, carry a horizontally-extending stud 35, on which there is a roller 36, as shown in Figs. 12 and 5 of the drawings and each of these rollers is engaged by a cam 37 on a cam-shaft, as shown in Fig. 5, or as shown in Figs. 9 and 10, the studs 38 may be engaged by slotted levers 39, and all of the levers actuated from a single cam 40,-the cam or cams being driven from a shaft 41 or 42.

It will thus be seen that the cylindrical sleeves 14. will be oscillated through the operation of the cams 37 and that during the oscillations the )orts 33 in the conical ends 28 will be broug t into register with the intake ports 24 of the conical end of the liner to admit a charge to the cylinder while ports By placing these ports 24 and 33 and 25 and 34 in a closely-arranged annular series in the coaeting conical walls a slight oscillation only is necessary to completely cover both sets of ports or to open one set or the other during the operation of taking in a charge; compressing and firing that charge or to completely exhaust the tired gases.

It will also be seen that by arranging the ports in an annular series so as to extend all the way around the head-end of the cylinder, a quick inlet and a quick and complete exhaust is effected.

It will further be seen that by providin the annular intake passage around the head end of the cylinder, the same is kept hot so that the gas and air mixture before entering the cylinder for compression is preheated and more ready starting and better combustion results during the operation of the motor.

Each oscillating cylindrical sleeve 14 has a piston 43 therein which pistons are attached to connecting-rods 44 and the latter in turn are engaged with cranks 45, in a main motor shaft 46.

By reference now to Figs. 2-7 and 8 of the drawings, it will be seen that at one end of the motor head 17, there is a casing 47 and that the upper side of this case has an annular passage 48. which receives all the" exhaust gases expelled from the several cylinders of the motor.

Beneath the annular exhaust-gas passage 48, I locate a turbine head 49 and I provide a partition 50 between said head and the annular passage 48, which partition has a series of ports 51 therein to direct the exhaust gases to the blades of the turbine head.

The turbine head is carried on the upper end of a vertical shaft 52 while the lower end of said shaft has a beveled pinion 53, that meshes with a bevel gear 54 on the main motor shaft 46.

The cam-shaft 41 or 42 may be driven from the motor shaft 46, by a chain or gearing in any desired way.

It will thus be seen that the present invcntion materially reduces the number of parts ordinarily employed in internal combustion motors and provides a sleeve valve means that is self seating and which serves as cylinder for the piston to travel in, and automatically compensates for any wear that may take place.

The invention also utilizes any force left in the gases as they are exhausted from the motor to augment the power produced by the explosions.

Having described our claim,

1. In an internal combustion motor the combination with a cylinder having a conical end with intake and exhaust ports arranged in said conical end with one set of invention, we

7 ports in a plane above the other, of a head cal chamber to receive the conical end of the cylinder said liner having a series of intake ports in its conical wall in one plane and another series of exhaust ports in its conical wall in another plane said two series of ports in the liner being always open respectively to the two annularpassages in the head, the ports in one 0t said parts being staggered while those in the other part are in radial alinemcnt, a piston for the cylinder and means for oscillating one of the parts that carry the ports with respect to the other whereby the two sets of intake ports will register while the two sets of exhaust ports are out of register.

2. In an internal combustion motor the combination with a cylinder having a conical end with a stem projecting upwardly therefrom and the wall of said conical end having intake and exhaust ports therein, ot' a head on top of the cylinder and provided with an annular intake passage and another annular exhaust passage said head also having an opening through which the stem of the cylinder projects, a stationary liner in th head around the annular intake and exhaust pas sages said liner also having an opening through which the stem of the cylinder projects and said liner further. having a conical recess which receives the conical end of the cylinder and said liner also having intake and exhaust passages in its conical wall, yielding means for engaging the cylinder stem to draw the conical end of the cylinder linto'jthe conical recess of the liner, means for oscillating the cylinder and its conical end to shift the ports in its conical end with respect to the ports in the conical wall .of the liner and a piston reciprocating in'the oscillating cylinder.

3 In an internalcombustion motor the combination with a vertical cylinder block of a head on top of the cylinder block said head having a conical cavity with an annular series of intake ports and an' annular series of exhaust ports in the conical wall thereof, a sleeve cylinder in the block,said sleeve cylinder having a conical end to seat up into the conical cavity of the head said conical end of the sleeve-cylinder being provided with two sets of a'nnularly arranged ports,- the annular series of ports in the head and the annular series of ports in the conical end of the sleeve being closely arranged so that by a slight oscillation of the ports in sleeve cylinder the ports may be shifted to admit a charge; to hold the charge or to exhaust the same from the sleeve'cylinder.

In testimony whereof we aflix our s1gna tures. a

"ARTHUR s. BALDWIN.

EVERETT RICHMOND. 

